Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) overexpression and microvessel density predict survival in the urinary bladder carcinoma

Abstract

To study proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) over expression and angiogenesis with their relationship to tumor parameters in squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in patients who underwent radical cystectomy. The mean age of the patients was 53.53 years (range; 29-70 years) and the males were 98 of 154. Sections from paraffin embedded tissues were retrieved and stained with antibodies against PCNA for proliferation and CD34 for angiogenesis using immunohistochemical technique. Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between categorical variables and the Kaplan-Meier procedure was used to assess survival outcomes. The Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis. The median follow up period was 65 months. microvessel density (MVD), PCNA, tumor grade, P-stage, DNA ploidy, lymph node status had a significant impact on the 5-year survival of patients in univariate analysis. In Cox proportional hazard model, MVD, PCNA, DNA ploidy and stage sustained their significant impact on survival of the patients. MVD, PCNA, DNA ploidy and stage are independent prognostic factors in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.