Abstract
To date, most of the experiments to obtain the characteristic x-ray energy shifts resulting from the multiple ionization in heavy ion-atom collisions have been done by using a foil or a dense gas target, under the condition that the target is thick enough for the projectile charge to reach the equilibrium state. In this work is reported (1) the variation of projectile or target K x-ray energy shift in the nonequilibrium target thickness region and (2) the correspondence of K x-ray energy shift to the target material dependence of heavy ion equilibrium charge state.
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