Abstract
Does knowledge of grammar correlate significantly with ability in composition? A new Project English investigation has failed to discover such a correlation.' The study was predicated on the assumption the negative findings of earlier research were due to the tests employed, which measured knowledge of grammar rules and terminology as well as syntax. The hypotheses tested were that there is a statistically significant correlation between ability in written composition and awareness of structural relationships in English, and this correlation is significantly different from the correlation between ability in written composition and ability to verbalize knowledge of rules and terminology of traditional English grammar. Data were gathered from 200 college freshmen. A STEP Essay Test measured their writing ability; the Iowa Grammar Information Test, their knowledge of traditional grammar; and a new test constructed by the investigator, their awareness of syntax. The syntax test provided for recognition of grammatical structures
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