Pro-inflammatory diet, frailty and sarcopenia: a study with older people in outpatient care

Cintia Midori Yogi,Fernanda de Carvalho Vidigal,Gabriela Benatti de Oliveira,Alice Helena  de Souza Paulino,Tábatta Renata Pereira de Brito,Daniela Braga Lima

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i17.24488

Cintia Midori Yogi, Fernanda de Carvalho Vidigal + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i17.24488

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Abstract

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), sarcopenia, and frailty syndrome in older people. Methods: A cross-sectional, non-probabilistic study was carried out with 135 older people, attended by a general outpatient clinic. The older people were classified in relation to sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. The frailty classification was made through self-referred questions. The calculation of the DII was made using the iOS application IF RATING®. Association analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression. Results: Of the 135 older people evaluated, 17.78% were classified as sarcopenic and 47.41% as frail. No association was observed between the most inflammatory DII and sarcopenia. Regarding frailty syndrome, older people with a more inflammatory DII were more likely to be frail (OR=3.64; 95%CI=1.24-10.70). Discussion: These results could stimulate actions to promote an anti-inflammatory diet, with a view to preventing frailty in older people.

Highlights

Appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for older people are essential in outpatient care to prevent the first care from occurring at an advanced stage, in the hospital, increasing costs and decreasing the chances of a favorable prognosis.Among the conditions that affect the older people and require outpatient care, there is sarcopenia, as it is a physiological alteration resulting from the aging process which requires attention due to the harmful consequences associated with it
60.74% were above the cut-off score in the Mini Mental State exam (MMSE) and the mean of depressive symptoms reported by the GDS was 3.70
The majority of the older participants were independent for ABVD (86.67%) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale (IADLs) (69.63%) (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Among the conditions that affect the older people and require outpatient care, there is sarcopenia, as it is a physiological alteration resulting from the aging process which requires attention due to the harmful consequences associated with it. The updated definition of sarcopenia by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) considers that sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder characterized by low levels of muscle strength, muscle quantity/quality, and physical performance as an indicator of severity (Cruz-Jentoft et al, 2019). As a deleterious consequence to the health of older people, sarcopenia is associated with an increased likelihood of adverse outcomes, including falls, fractures, physical disability, and mortality (Cruz-Jentoft et al, 2019). Like sarcopenia, frailty is considered an important public health issue, as it increases the occurrence of falls, disability, hospitalization, and death (Rossi et al, 2021)

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