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Abstract

This paper presents a kinematic assumption free and thermodynamically consistent non-linear formulation incorporating finite strain and finite deformation for thermoviscoelastic plates/shells based on the conservation and balance laws of the classical continuum mechanics (CCM) in R3 (see Surana and Mathi, (2020) for linear theory). The conservation and balance laws in Lagrangian description with finite strain measure and the conjugate stress measure in R3 are considered. The conjugate pairs in the second law of thermodynamics (SLT), the consideration of additional physics and the principle of equipresence are utilized to determine the constitutive variables and their argument tensors. The constitutive theory for the contravariant second Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensor is derived using Green’s strain tensor and its convected time derivatives of up to order n as its argument tensors using representation theorem with complete basis (i.e. using integrity). The convected time derivatives of the Green’s strain tensor up to order n provide ordered rate constitutive theory for the dissipation mechanism that is naturally non-linear due to Green’s strain measure. The constitutive theory for heat vector derived using representation theorem and integrity is also a non-linear constitutive theory. Simplified linear forms of these constitutive theories are also presented. The solution methods for the mathematical model for the BVPs as well as the IVPs using p-version hierarchical higher degree and higher order finite element method are presented. Due to dissipation, the energy equation is integral part of the mathematical model that accounts for rate of mechanical work resulting in rate of entropy production, hence heat.The plate/shell geometry (flat or curved) is described by its middle surface containing the nodal vectors (at each of the nine nodes), the ends of which define bottom and top surfaces of the plate/shell (Surana and Mathi, 2020). The geometry is mapped into ξηζ natural coordinate space in a two unit cube. The p-version hierarchical local approximations in ξηζ are constructed to describe the deformation of the plate/shell middle surface as well as its faces that is controlled by p-levels in ξ,η and ζ directions (element local approximation). The formulation presented here is accurate for very thin as well as very thick plate/shells and for small as well as finite deformation and finite strains. Non-linear constitutive theories based on integrity allow more complex constitutive behavior in term of strains as well as strain rates, hence dissipation mechanism. Dissipation mechanism is described by an ordered rate theory based on SLT and additional physics. The formulation presented here always ensures thermodynamic equilibrium during the evolution as it is derived using the conservation and balance laws of CCM in R3. The formulation always preserves three dimensional nature of the deformation physics regardless of the plate/shell thickness and is free of locking problems and shear correction factors that plague most of the currently used plate/shell formulations.