Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the era of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy

Abstract

The expedited approvals of tisagenlecleucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017–18 established chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy as a new standard of care for relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies, including large B-cell lymphoma. New FDA-approved products (eg, lisocabtagene maraleucel and idecabtagene vicleucel) and indications (eg, multiple myeloma and follicular lymphoma) are further evidence of the rapid growth in the number of potential CAR T-cell recipients.