Abstract
The present paper reviews crushing process of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRPs) composites tubular structures. Working with anisotropic material requires consideration of specific parameter definition in order to tailor a well-engineered composite structure. These parameters include geometry design, strain rate sensitivity, material properties, laminate design, interlaminar fracture toughness and off-axis loading conditions which are reviewed in this paper to create a comprehensive data base for researchers, engineers and scientists in the field. Each of these parameters influences the structural integrity and progressive crushing behaviour. In this extensive review each of these parameters is introduced, explained and evaluated. Construction of a well-engineered composite structure and triggering mechanism to strain rate sensitivity and testing conditions followed by failure mechanisms are extensively reviewed. Furthermore, this paper has mainly focused on experimental analysis that has been carried out on different types of FRP composites in the past two decades.
Highlights
Axial crushing of metal tubes has been studied by vast majority of researches
The last section is spent on interlaminar fracture toughness, this is accompanied by various fracture mechanism of interalaminar and interlaminar, which is a great evaluation of progressive failure modes that leads to high energy absorption capabilities of composite structures
Composite material constituent phases and the laminate layup is crucial in crashworthiness capability of composite structures as it effectively changes the mechanical property of the final product
Summary
Axial crushing of metal tubes has been studied by vast majority of researches. Metal tubes have energy absorption mechanism of plastic deformation due to progressive folding formation [1]. Researchers concluded that a well-engineered FRP composite structure would be an appropriate choice where energy absorption is concerned [14] [15] [16] Composite materials such as carbon fibre reinforced polymer and glass fibre reinforced polymer encounter fractures in axial crushing to absorb energy unlike metals which absorbs energy by plastic deformation [17] [18]. FRP composite materials provide enhanced level of structural vehicle crashworthiness that ensures high-energy absorption in sudden collision in a controlled progressive collapse This is dominated as a result of extensive fracture mechanisms [17] [20] [21] [22]. The last section is spent on interlaminar fracture toughness, this is accompanied by various fracture mechanism of interalaminar and interlaminar, which is a great evaluation of progressive failure modes that leads to high energy absorption capabilities of composite structures
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