Progressing Toward High-Quality Voice Care for People of All Genders.

Abstract

Forty years ago, recommendations for gender-affirming voice interventions were based on stereotypes and differences between cisgender men and women, the occasional conference presentation (e.g., Kalra 1977), and just two peer-reviewed case studies of women assigned male at birth: one changing their fundamental frequency (Bralley et al 1978) and another their non-verbal behaviors (Yardley 1976). It was also around this time that Kitajima Tanabe & Isshiki (1979) were refining parameters of cricothyroid approximation surgery on excised human larynges to have a surgical option for trans women seeking to elevate their vocal pitch.