Abstract

近年来,免疫治疗的研究成果突出,多项临床试验捷报频传。目前,肺癌的免疫治疗研究已取得重大突破,特别是程序性死亡受体1(programmed death 1, PD-1)或程序性死亡配体1(programmed death-ligand 1, PD-L1)免疫检查点抑制剂(如Nivolumab、Pembrolizumab、Atezolizumab、Durvalumab和Avelumab等)在各项临床试验的成功应用,为包括鳞癌、腺癌和小细胞肺癌在内的多种病理类型肺癌患者均带来了临床获益。本文通过回顾并解读具有代表性的重要临床研究,全面分析PD-1/PD-L1免疫检查点抑制剂在肺癌中的应用价值和地位。基于各项大型临床试验的探索成果,肺癌免疫治疗细节正在不断优化,肺癌免疫治疗适应证也在不断拓宽。然而,免疫治疗仍面临很多挑战,例如免疫联合策略的选择、生物标志物的探索、不良反应的管理、驱动基因突变人群的应用可行性等等。本文就肺癌免疫治疗的最新重要进展作一系统综述,以期为广大临床工作者提供前沿参考。

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