Progress of related drugs and new drugs for immunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) stands as the most aggressive kind of breast cancer, characterized by a terrible prognosis. TNBC is more prevalent in patients under 40 years old and in those with BRCA1 mutations. Treatment for TNBC typically involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and other approaches. However, the discovery of new therapeutic interventions is hampered because of the absence of precisely defined targets, making immunotherapy a prospective option for giving greater benefits to TNBC patients. Based on numerous clinical studies, we explore the research development of various immune checkpoint inhibitors in the therapies of TNBC in this review. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and PARP inhibitors are among these inhibitors. Additionally, we briefly introduce novel immunotherapies and combination therapies.