Abstract
Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) is a rare extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), accounting for 1%-2% of NHL. The most common pathological type is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, while some rare pathologic subtypes are mantle cell lymphoma, NK/T cell lymphomas, and other T cell lymphomas. The typical clinical manifestations are unilateral and painless testicular swelling with several weeks to months. Due to relapse in central nervous system (CNS) or contralateral testicle, PTL has a very poor prognosis. Thus, it is necessary for the combination therapy (orchiectomy + chemotherapy with anthracycline-containing regimen + testicle and involved field radiotherapy + CNS prophylaxis). This review discusses some controversial issues including the prognostic markers of PTL, the choice of rituximab immunotherapy, the therapeutic value of radiotherapy, and the best strategy for preventing the relapse of CNS. Key words: Testicular neoplasms; Orchiectomy; Antineoplastic combined chemotherapy protocols
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