Abstract
Abstract Microfluidics has been considered as a potential technology to miniaturize the conventional equipments and technologies. It offers advantages in terms of small volume, low cost, short reaction time and highthroughput. The applications in biology and medicine research and related areas are almost the most extensive and profound. With the appropriate scale that matches the scales of cells, microfluidics is well positioned to contribute significantly to cell biology. Cell culture, fusion and apoptosis were successfully performed in microfluidics. Microfluidics provides unique opportunities for rare circulating tumor cells isolation and detection from the blood of patients, which furthers the discovery of cancer stem cell biomarkers and expands the understanding of the biology of metastasis. Nucleic acid amplification in microfluidics has extended to single-molecule, high-throughput and integration treatment in one chip. DNA computer which is based on the computational model of DNA biochemical reaction will come into practice from concept in the future. In addition, microfluidics offers a versatile platform for protein-protein interactions, protein crystallization and high-throughput screening. Although microfluidics is still in its infancy, its great potential has already been demonstrated and will provide novel solutions to the high-throughput applications.
Highlights
Microfluidics is a science and technology system that processes or manipulates small amounts of fluids, using channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of microns [1]
We introduce a summary of droplet microfluidics technology with droplet generation and manipulation and an ingenious SlipChip
Microfluidics has been considered as a potential technology to miniaturize the conventional equipments and technologies
Summary
Microfluidics is a science and technology system that processes or manipulates small amounts of fluids, using channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of microns [1]. The working principle of this type of PCR chip is that the PCR solution is continuously flowing through three different temperature zones necessary for DNA amplification It has advantage in rapid heat transfer and high potential for further integration. SrisaArt et al [87] proposed a droplet microfluidic system to solve the problems of surface contamination, rapid mixing, and rapid detection in conventional laminar microfluidics They demonstrated a high-throughput biological assay by generating droplets in a rapid and reproducible manner and monitoring them in real time. They used up to 384 nanoliter-scale reactions for multiplex PCR with a preloaded array of primer pairs They designed a microfluidic rotational multivolume droplet real-time PCR SlipChip to performance viral HIV and HCV RNA for high-performance diagnostics, as shown in Fig. 7(b) [47].
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