Abstract

肺癌的早期诊断有利于提高患者的生存率。应用影像学方法对肺癌高风险人群进行筛查,可以起到早发现、早诊断的作用。越来越多的研究显示,液体活检(liquid biopsy)可以对该方法进行替代和补充。检测肺癌患者外周血中的循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cells, CTCs)、循环肿瘤DNA(circulating tumor DNA, ctDNA)、微小核糖核酸(microRNA, miRNA)、外泌体(exosomes)、肿瘤血小板(tumor educated platelets, TEPs)可以用于肺癌的早期诊断,并且可能为影像学检查阴性的高风险人群提供相应的诊疗建议。全文就以上标志物的检测手段、在肺癌早期诊断中的价值以及存在优势与局限性进行综述,以期促进液体活检在肺癌早期诊断、与其他筛查手段相结合方面的应用。

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