Abstract
Silicon (Si) has been counted as the most promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, owing to its high theoretical specific capacity, safety, and high natural abundance. However, the commercial application of silicon anodes is hindered by its huge volume expansions, poor conductivity, and low coulombic efficiency. For the anode manufacture, binders play an important role of binding silicon materials, current collectors, and conductive agents, and the binder structure can significantly affect the mechanical durability, adhesion, ionic/electronic conductivities, and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) stability of the silicon anodes. Moreover, many cross-linked binders are effective in alleviating the volume expansions of silicon nanosized even microsized anodic materials along with maintaining the anode integrity and stable electrochemical performances. This mini review comprehensively summarizes various binders based on their structures, including the linear, branched, three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked, conductive polymer, and other hybrid binders. The mechanisms how various binder structures influence the performances of the silicon anodes, the limitations, and prospects of different hybrid binders are also discussed. This mini review can help in designing hybrid polymer binders and facilitating the practical application of silicon-based anodes with high electrochemical activity and long-term stability.
Highlights
With the increasing energy-storage demands of electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, conventional commercial graphite anodes are becoming unsatisfied with the requirements of high energy density batteries (Li et al, 2018; Zeng et al, 2019)
Intrinsic volume expansions and low ionic/electronic conductivity hinder the commercialization of Si-based anode materials for high energy density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)
Binders play a key role in maintaining internal electrical contact, high capacity, and longterm stability for Si-based anodes in LIBs despite a small percentage of quality
Summary
With the increasing energy-storage demands of electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, conventional commercial graphite anodes are becoming unsatisfied with the requirements of high energy density batteries (Li et al, 2018; Zeng et al, 2019). Next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with silicon (Si) anodes are promising owing to their high theoretical specific capacity (∼4,200 mA h g−1) along with nontoxicity and abundance in nature (Chae et al, 2020; Chen et al, 2021; Ge et al, 2021; Zhao et al, 2021) Nowadays, several issues such as huge volume expansions, low conductivity, and unstable SEI film hinder the real application of Si anodes (Son et al, 2015; Franco Gonzalez et al, 2017; Huang et al, 2021; Yang et al, 2021).
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