Abstract
Ginsenosides, the major bioactive ingredients of P. ginseng can improve the anti-disease abilities of human being, and generate significant social and economic benefits. However, along with gradually or rapidly or dramatically increasing demand of the ginsenosides, extensive studies have focused on regulating the ginsenoside biosynthetic pathway on a genetic level. In this article, ginsenoside biosynthesis of key enzyme genes are described, including squalene synthase (SS), squalene epoxidase (SE), oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC), dammarenediol synthase (DS), β-amyrin synthase (β-AS), lanosterol synthase (LAS), cycloartenol synthase (CAS) and P450. Additionally, this review critically analyzes and evaluates the background and theoretical basis of the previous researches, as well as the deficiencies of these researches.
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