Abstract
This article reviews the status of thermomechanical analysis of the friction stir welding (FSW) process for establishing guidelines for further investigation, filling the available research gaps, and expanding FSW applications. Firstly, the advantages and applications of FSW process are introduced, and the significance and key issues for thermomechanical analysis in FSW are pointed out. Then, solid mechanic and fluid dynamic methods in modeling FSW process are described, and the key issues in modeling FSW are discussed. Different available mesh modeling techniques including the applications, benefits and shortcomings are explained. After that, at different subsections, the thermomechanical analysis in FSW of aluminum alloys and steels are examined and summarized in depth. Finally, the conclusions and summary are presented in order to investigate the lack of knowledge and the possibilities for future study of each method and each material.
Highlights
Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that requires no melting of the materials during the process
2 Modeling Methods As mentioned above, computational solid mechanics (CSM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods have been used for modeling the thermomechanical behaviors in FSW
This article reviews the recent publications on the thermomechanical analysis of FSW for aluminum and steel materials
Summary
Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that requires no melting of the materials during the process. The heat generated by the rotational and transverse movements of the tool softens the materials and stirs it due to the friction and the plastic deformation. During FSW process, the material undergoes intense plastic deformation at elevated temperature, resulting in the generation of fine and equiaxed recrystallized grains [1]. Without melting and solidification of During FSW process, the heat generated due to friction and plastic deformation at the tool-workpiece interface and due to plastic deformation in the thermomechanically-affected zone softens the metal adjacent to the tool, and the softened metal flows around the pin, resulting in joining of the weld seam [4]. Heat generation and material flow are two key issues in FSW [6]. It needs to be mention that, the localized temperature variations and large plastic
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