Progress in the expressions of programmed death 1 and programmed death ligand 1 in lung cancer

Abstract

In tumor immunotherapy, the study of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) provides a new approach for the comprehensive treatment of advanced lung cancer. About 20% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer could benefit from lung cancer immunotherapy, while those with high PD-L1 expression will benefit more. At present, there are few related studies on PD-1 expression at home and abroad, and the detection of PD-1/PD-L1 expressions is mostly concentrated in tumor tissues. With the research progress of liquid biopsy technology, the convenience and accuracy of peripheral blood testing are also receiving more and more attention. However, there are still few biological indicators for predicting the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy, and the uniform standard and accuracy of testing still need more clinical practice and exploration. This article reviews the research on the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 in tissues and peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer, aiming to provide reference for the treatment of lung cancer with immune checkpoint blockers. Key words: Lung neoplasms; Immunotherapy; Programmed death 1; Programmed death ligand 1