Progress in the application of silicon-based anode nanotechnology in lithium batteries

Abstract

With the development of technology, graphite materials in traditional lithium batteries can no longer meet people’s needs due to their relatively low specific capacity, limited charging and discharging rates, and poor safety. Silicon has a very high theoretical specific capacity, far exceeding traditional graphite negative electrode materials, making silicon nanoparticles an ideal choice for improving the energy density of lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, we first introduce the silicon nanoparticle anode and its preparation methods: mechanical ball milling, and thermal cracking, and introduce the application of binders in it. Secondly, the silicon nanowire anode and the chemical deposition method for its preparation are introduced, and the high-performance silicon nanowire lithium battery of Amprius is introduced. Thirdly, the preparation of silicon thin film anode and two types of composite film was introduced. Finally, the three types of silicon nano anodes are summarized and prospected. This paper has reference significance for the future research of silicon-based lithium-ion batteries.