Progress in the application of lake sediment DNA in climate and environmental change and ecosystem response

Abstract

随着气候与生态问题的不断涌现，气候环境变化与生态系统响应研究的重要性日益凸显，而传统方法逐渐难以满足深入研究的需要.现代分子生物技术的快速发展使针对湖泊沉积物的DNA分析逐渐被引入相关研究中，有效弥补了传统研究方法的不足，为研究者提供了理解过去气候和环境变化、生态系统响应的新视角.湖泊沉积物中的DNA蕴藏着丰富的生物群落演变信息，不仅是重建古气候、古环境变化历史的有力工具，更有助于研究生态系统的长期演化过程及内部机制，探讨气候环境变化及人类活动对生态系统的影响.本文分析了保存在湖泊沉积物中DNA的特点，着重介绍湖泊沉积物DNA分析在气候环境变化及生态系统响应研究中的应用，并对该技术目前存在的挑战、可能的解决方案及未来发展潜力进行了总结与展望.;With the continuous emergence of climate and ecological events, the importance of research on climate and environmental changes as well as ecological response has become increasingly prominent. While, traditional methods are gradually incapable of meeting the demand of further research. With the rapid development of modern molecular biotechnology, DNA analysis for lake sediments has been gradually introduced into relevant studies, which effectively makes up the deficiencies of traditional methods and provides researchers with a new perspective for understanding climate and environmental change and the response of ecosystem. The well-preserved DNA in lake sediments contains abundant information about the evolution of communities. DNA analysis is not only a powerful tool to reconstruct palaeoclimatology and palaeoecology, but is also helpful to understand the long-term evolution and internal mechanism of the ecosystem, and investigate the impact of climate and environmental change and human activities on the ecosystem. This review discussed the characteristics of DNA preserved in lake sediments, emphatically introduced the applications of DNA analysis in research on climate and environmental change as well as ecosystem response, finally, we summarized and anticipated the current challenges, possible solutions, and potentially development of this technology in future.