Abstract
Influenza is a serious acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus, and vaccination is the most economical, safe and effective measure against influenza. However, traditional influenza vaccines cannot respond effectively to an unforeseen epidemic or pandemic caused by influenza virus with antigenic drifts or antigenic shifts. Therefore, developing a broad-spectrum influenza vaccine that induces broad-spectrum and long-term immunity has become a major trend in influenza vaccine research and development. The matrix protein, nucleoprotein and the stalk domain of hemagglutinin of influenza viruses contain highly conserved antigens, and have become the major target antigens of current broad-spectrum influenza vaccine studies. This article reviews the antigen selection, the immunoprotection mechanism and the progress in the clinical research of the broad-spectrum vaccines based on conserved antigens of influenza virus. Key words: Influenza A virus; Influenza vaccines; Viral matrix proteins; Nucleoproteins; Hemagglutinins, viral
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