Abstract
Recently, electrical engineers are paying great attention to develop oceanic wave energy conversion technologies based on the piezoelectric materials because of their excellent conveniences. Piezoelectric oceanic wave energy converters (OWECs) have several benefits over the others such as its small size, lightweight, no requirement of using intermediate device as well as having less negative impacts on the oceanic environment. Various review and research papers focus on the piezoelectric devices, their operation and application for oceanic energy conversion. But, to the best of the authors' knowledge, none of the existing research or review papers present detailed scheme of piezoelectric device based power generation covering all the relevant topics as depicted in this review. This article focuses different aspects of piezoelectric device based oceanic wave energy conversion technology including prospect, historical development, classification, operating principle, configuration, arrangement, model, processing, post-processing, and their test setups. In addition, technical challenges, future direction of research and critical review are also illustrated. It is assumed that, this article would play a significant role for the future development of piezoelectric OWECs and the researcher working in this field.
Highlights
Electrical energy generation from renewable energy sources (RESs) is becoming popular in recent decades to meet the increasing energy demand
PVDF is used as the piezoelectric material and adjacent energy harvesting units are separated by silicon layer
Piezoelectric materials are conceived with the characteristics of producing electrical potential under an applied deforming force and vice versa
Summary
Electrical energy generation from renewable energy sources (RESs) is becoming popular in recent decades to meet the increasing energy demand. Piezoelectric materials are sustainable source of electricity that can be extracted from different RESs such as OWE [18]–[21], wind energy [22] etc It is implemented on various devices such as microphones, load cells, power excavator etc. These devices were carried by a floating member to produce electricity from the energy of oceanic waves Another energy harvester was designed with 28 μm polyvinyldifluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric material and was experimentally verified. One of the motivational aims of this review article is the limitation of available publications on the promising piezoelectric material-based wave energy conversion technologies In this context, authors’ contribution of this article includes the finding of the advantages as well as shortcomings of the existing review on piezoelectric WECs and recommendation of possible solutions to the challenges. All the topics as presented in this review are not found together in the existing reviews including [1], [3], [7], [11], [17], [27], [47], and [48]
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