Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including transfer RNAs, ribosomal RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are referred to as RNAs without a coding potent.It is widely acknowledged that they play important regulation roles in different biological processes of human life, such as individual development, growth and reproduction; apoptosis, differentiation and reprogramming of cells. Of great importance, ncRNAs are shown to closely associated with human diseases. In recent years, with the development of Chinese economy and the tendency of population aging; cardiovascular diseases, tumors, metabolic diseases and other diseases rise to major chronic non-communicable diseases that threaten the health of Chinese residents. In addition, due to the huge population of China, some rare diseases such as Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) also affect the health of its residents. Chinese scientists have found that non-coding RNAs are highly associated with these diseases in exploring the development of these diseases, and they notice that ncRNAs are involved in the regulation of a series of cardiovascular diseases, tumors, metabolic diseases, infectious immunological diseases and PWS. This review focuses on advances in ncRNAs contributed by Chinese scholars. We summarize the formation, processing as well as the functions of non-coding RNAs and review the important regulatory roles of these non-coding RNAs in PWS, cardiovascular diseases, tumors, metabolic diseases as well as infectious immune diseases.
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