Abstract
Although various synthetic methodologies including organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and materials science are the main contributors to the production of functional materials, the importance of regulation of nanoscale structures for better performance has become clear with recent science and technology developments. Therefore, a new research paradigm to produce functional material systems from nanoscale units has to be created as an advancement of nanoscale science. This task is assigned to an emerging concept, nanoarchitectonics, which aims to produce functional materials and functional structures from nanoscale unit components. This can be done through combining nanotechnology with the other research fields such as organic chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, materials science, and bio-related science. In this review article, the basic-level of nanoarchitectonics is first presented with atom/molecular-level structure formations and conversions from molecular units to functional materials. Then, two typical application-oriented nanoarchitectonics efforts in energy-oriented applications and bio-related applications are discussed. Finally, future directions of the molecular and materials nanoarchitectonics concepts for advancement of functional nanomaterials are briefly discussed.
Highlights
As described in details later in this review manuscript, this task of advancements of nanoscale science is assigned to an emerging concept, nanoarchitectonics [1,2]
Production of functional materials has been traditionally pursued by various synthetic methodologies such as organic synthesis [3,4,5,6], polymer chemistry [7,8,9,10], and materials science [11,12,13,14]
Distributions, and quantum effectsand are fluctuations not avoided such among material interactions, Since various uncertainties as nanoscale thermal fluctuations, statistical multiple interactions and processes to beavoided harmonized in the nanoarchitectonics prodistributions, and quantum effectshave are not among nanoscale material interaccesses rather than simple summation of unit processes
Summary
Promoted understanding of nanoscale phenomena along with technological advancements in the manipulation and fabrications of ultrasmall objects opened huge possibilities for material fabrication with nanoscale structural information [22,23,24] This scientific and technological progress overlapped with developments in the other research fields such as supramolecular chemistry [25,26,27,28] and bio-related sciences [29,30,31,32] that deal with molecular organization.
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