Progress in [formula omitted] techniques used for particle identification

Abstract

Particle identification techniques by measuring the specific energy loss dE dx have been widely used in high energy physics experiments for many years. The basics of the energy loss measurements are described briefly. The stability requirements, corrections and, in particular, the non-linear saturation effect are discussed in more detail. The performance of present large detectors such as resolution and particle separation power in the relativistic rise region are reviewed. Typical applications to various physics analyses at LEP are given.