Progress in Elaboration of Nonisocyanate Polyurethanes Based on Cyclic Carbonates

Abstract

In the article is given a review on synthesis and application nonisocyanate polyurethanes based on cyclic carbonate oligomers. Nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) networks are obtained by reaction between the polycyclic carbonate oligomers and aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyamines with primary amino groups. This forms a crosslinked polymer with β-hydroxyurethane groups of different structure – polyhydroxyurethane polymer. One of the most interesting derivatives of unsaturated fatty compounds is epoxidized triglyceride oils (ETO), particulary epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). Until now, ESBO is primarily used as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated rubber and polyvinyl emulsions to improve their stability and flexibility. Also there are numerous useful derivatives of ETO. Among the various materials, products of reactions of ETO and carbon dioxide (CO2) deserve special attention. A basic composition and a technique for mixing and foaming were developed for insulating foam applied by spraying, the material being based on the use of the synthetic raw materials. UV-curable concrete floor coatings provide a durable, high-performance and eco-friendly solution. These thin-film coating systems cure instantly, thereby minimizing the downtime of any facility. Other benefits of these coatings include excellent chemical resistance, easy cleanability, little odor, and the ability to coat in cold conditions; Fig. 3, Tabl. 3, Ref. 39.