Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Parathyroid Carcinoma (a Literature Review)

Abstract

In 1904, De Quervain first reported non-functional parathyroid carcinoma (PC). In 1938, Amstrong first reported hypercalcemia of parathyroid carcinoma. PC is a rare and easily recurring endocrine malignancy. To date, more than 1000 cases of parathyroid carcinoma have been reported in the English literature[1, 2, 3, 4], and more than 200 cases have been reported in Chinese literature[5, 6]. Unlike parathyroid adenomas, the incidence of parathyroid cancer is similar in men and women [1,3,4,5,7], and the age of onset of parathyroid carcinoma in the English literature is 57 years [1,2], The Chinese literature is 45.5 years old [5]. Todd et al. found that the incidence of parathyroid cancer in the United States increased by 60% from 1988 to 2003[7], and our study[5] found that the literature on parathyroid cancer in China has also increased year by year; Preoperative diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma is difficult, and the rate of frozen pathological diagnosis is low, which is often difficult to distinguish from parathyroid adenoma; The recurrence rate of PC was high, and there were cases of 5 times of surgery after recurrence of parathyroid carcinoma[8]; The efficacy of traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy on PC is not yet clear. Therefore, preoperative and intraoperative identification of suspicious malignant cases, active radical resection of the lesions and comprehensive medical treatment have important implications for the prognosis of patients.