Abstract
The development and capabilities of closed circuit television surveillance systems in association with distributed computing systems are reviewed, and the applications to various aspects of surveillance are described.
Highlights
Closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras in urban environments are commonplace and well-known
CCTV-based surveillance has developed from simple systems comprising a camera connected directly to a viewing screen with an observer in a control room, watching for incidents of crime or vandalism or searching for targeted individuals, to complex multi-camera systems with many computers
Mobile surveillance cameras present some additional problems because the observed background moves from frame to frame, and a constant background has to be estimated from this sequence of differing views
Summary
Closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras in urban environments are commonplace and well-known. Public attitudes to these systems are in two opposing categories:. Fears in category (a) are not surprising, since within living memory, and in some cases until recently, there have been countries in Europe governed by regimes with a strong commitment to the oppressive monitoring and control of their citizens, and the continuous tracking of actual or supposed ‘dissidents’. Forms of visual monitoring which were once the exclusive domain of well-funded secretive government security agencies are becoming readily available at an affordable cost to the public, and very sophisticated systems are being developed and installed for general police uses. The automatic recognition of vehicle registration numbers is a well-publicised example used successfully both for tracking vehicles involved in criminal activities and for supporting the collection of road-usage charges
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