Abstract
Graphene, a carbon nanomaterial with sp2-hybridized carbon atoms tightly packed into a two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb lattice. Owing to the excellent optical, electrical, and mechanical properties, graphene has emerged as a revolutionary carbon material with great potential in materials science, micro-nanomachining, energy, biomedicine, and drug deliver. With the mass production and the widespread use of grapheme, the biological safety issues of graphene have caused a lot of concern. As similar to other nano particles, the biotoxicity of graphene and its derivative depends on their physicochemical property, and also depends on their concentration. But the biotoxicity of graphene and its derivative is complicatied. The same material may have different effect on the different organisms. So we must do further studies to clarify the biotoxicity of graphene. This review summarizes the current biotoxicity studies of graphene and its derivative. We want to provide a reference for biological safety assessment, and to provide a scientific guidance in the application of biological and medical domain.
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