Progress and prospects of quadrivalent influenza vaccine

Abstract

Although the flu vaccine is the most effective strategy for preventing influenza currently, the population incidence and mortality of influenza present an unstable trend. Due to the rapid variability of influenza virus, the conventional flu vaccine components and dominant lineage are not matching; more importantly, trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) contains only A/H3N2, A/H1N1 and B/Victoria lineage, which does not match the B/Yamagata lineage that have prevailed in recent years. Quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) adds the B/Yamagata lineage, and it has been used abroad for susceptible populations. Compared with TIV, QIV provides better protection for susceptible populations and is considered to have better public health benefits. This article reviews the history of development and current status, the safety, immunogenicity, efficacy of prevention and control and cost-effectiveness of QIV, to provide reference for the promotion and implementation of influenza vaccination. Key words: Influenza vaccine; Quadrivalent influenza vaccine; Safety; Immunogenicity; Prevention