Prognostic value of three-tiered scoring system for lymph-vascular space invasion in endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI) status on the prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC) according to a three-tiered scoring system for LVSI. MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and Clinical Trials.gov were searched from inception to September 1st, 2023. The analysis was conducted using STATA 16.0. ResultsA total of 9 studies with 4456 EC patients were included in the analysis. No LVSI was found in 72% of EC patients (95% CI 0.65–0.79), while focal and substantial LVSI were present in 16% (95% CI 0.11–0.21) and 13% (95% CI 0.08–018) of patients, respectively. Compared to the no LVSI group, the focal and substantial LVSI groups had poorer overall survival (for focal LVSI: HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.02–1.74; for substantial LVSI: HR 2.51, 95% CI 1.61–3.90), poorer disease-free survival (for substantial LVSI: HR 2.86, 95% CI 1.21–6.77), and an increased risk of recurrence, including pelvic recurrence (for focal LVSI: HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.03–4.07; for substantial LVSI: HR 6.06, 95% CI 3.31–11.08), distant recurrence (for focal LVSI: HR 2.04, 95% CI 1.42–2.92; for substantial LVSI: HR 3.36, 95% CI 2.35–4.793), and lymph node involvement (for focal LVSI: OR 3.52, 95% CI 1.339.34; for substantial LVSI: OR 5.42, 95% CI 2.78–10.58). Substantial LVSI was more prone to pelvic recurrence (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.05–3.15) and distant recurrence (HR 2.21, 95% CI 1.48–3.28) than focal LVSI. ConclusionsEC patients with focal and substantial LVSI had poorer survival, recurrence, and a higher incidence of lymph node metastasis than patients without LVSI. The substantial LVSI group was associated with even worse prognosis than the focal LVSI group. The three-tiered LVSI scoring system might effectively predict the prognosis of EC and guide clinical decision-making. Protocol registrationCRD 42023451793.