Prognostic Value of Serial High-Sensitivity Troponin T Measurements in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract

BackgroundSingle high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) measurement is predictive of cardiac events in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). We aimed to study the prognostic value of serial hs-TnT measurements in stable patients with ACHD. MethodsIn total, 602 consecutive patients with ACHD were enrolled in this prospective study (2011-2013). Blood sampling was performed at enrollment and thereafter yearly during scheduled visits, up to 4 years. Hs-TnT, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were measured. The composite primary endpoint was defined as all-cause mortality, heart failure, arrhythmia, hospitalization, cardiac (re)interventions, or thromboembolic events. The relationship between changes in serial hs-TnT and the primary endpoint was studied by joint models with adjustment for repeated NT-proBNP and eGFR. ResultsIn 601 patients (median age, 33 [interquartile range, 25-41] years, 42% women, 90% NYHA I), at least 1 hs-TnT measurement was performed; a mean of 4.3 hs-TnT measurements per patient were collected. After a median follow-up of 5.8 [interquartile range, 5.3-6.3] years, 229 (38.1%) patients reached the primary endpoint. On average, hs-TnT levels increased over time, and more in patients who reached the primary endpoint (P < 0.001). A 2-fold higher hs-TnT was associated with the primary endpoint (unadjusted hazard ratio, 1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.44-1.82; P < 0.001). The association remained after adjustment for repeated eGFR but not when adjusted for repeated NT-proBNP; repeated NT-proBNP remained associated with the primary endpoint. ConclusionIn stable patients with ACHD, hs-TnT levels increased before the occurrence of an event and repeated hs-TnT was associated with the risk of adverse cardiac events. However, repeated hs-TnT was not superior to repeated NT-proBNP.