Prognostic value of pretreatment immune inflammation indices in patients with immune-related tumors

Abstract

Background Pretreatment high levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), modified Glasgow prognostic scores (mGPS), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and other prognostic biomarkers have been associated with poor overall survival (OS) in immune-related tumor types. Therefore, we explored a simple, inexpensive and effective method for cancer prognosis. Methods Between March 2017 and June 2022, 111 individuals who had immunotherapy were retrospectively examined. Oncologic outcomes of patients with immune-related tumor types, include OS and progression-free survival (PFS), and response rates (RR). Results Pretreatment ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance quality was independently linked with poor OS ECOG ≥2 (HR 4.80, 95% CI 2.57–8.96, p < .001) and inferior PFS (HR 3.31, 95% CI 2.023–5.445, p < .001). Additionally, a high LDH status prior to therapy was independently linked to an inferior OS (HR 1.004, 95% CI 1.001–1.007, p = .003) and inferior PFS (HR 1.004, 95% CI 1.002–1.006, p < .001). Higher MLR at baseline was a prognostic factor for both shorter PFS (HR = 3.691, 95% CI 1.582–8.610, p = .003) and OS (HR = 2.876, 95% CI 1.127–7.342, p = .027). Conclusions In our cohort, elevated pre-treatment MLR, LDH and ECOG ≥2 were associated with poor OS and PFS. Prospective studies need to determine the utility of them.