Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the common malignant tumors of the urinary system. The poor prognosis of BLCA patients is due to the lack of early diagnosis and disease recurrence after treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that gene products of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) family are involved in BLCA progression and subsequent interaction(s) with immune surveillance. In this study, we carried out a pan-cancer analysis of the NFAT family and found that NFAT2 is an independent prognostic factor for BLCA. We then screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and further analyzed such candidate gene loci using gene ontology enrichment to curate the KEGG database. We then used Lasso and multivariate Cox regression to identify 4 gene loci (FER1L4, RNF128, EPHB6, and FN1) which were screened together with NFAT2 to construct a prognostic model based on using Kaplan-Meier analysis to predict the overall survival of BLCA patients. Moreover, the accuracy of our proposed model is supported by deposited datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Finally, a nomogram of this prognosis model for BLCA was established which could help to provide better disease management and treatment.
Highlights
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the common malignant tumors in the human population, and has a frequency ranking of 10th amongst the catalog of all malignant tumors worldwide [1]
The expression of the mRNA expression levels corresponding to nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) family members in BLCA patients was analyzed using the genotype tissue expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database
The results showed that the NFAT family gene expression increased in the BLCA (Figure 1)
Summary
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the common malignant tumors in the human population, and has a frequency ranking of 10th amongst the catalog of all malignant tumors worldwide [1]. New BLCA cases worldwide accounts for 3% of total cancers with mortality accounting for 2.1% of total cancer-related deaths [1]. The pathophysiological properties of BLCA disease are exemplified by significantly increased metastasis, linked to the higher mortality rate. Conventional BLCA disease therapy combines both chemotherapy adjuvant and surgical resection of the tumor. In spite of such radical and invasive therapies, BLCA patient median survival time is ~15 months, with a relatively low 5 year survival rate of ~15% [4, 5]. There is an urgent need to identify new and more reliable disease-linked biomarkers to stratify BLCA patients into well-defined www.aging-us.com risk groups to enable better disease management and treatment
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