Abstract
BackgroundThe expression of the L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) plays a significant role in tumor progression. However, it remains unclear whether high LAT1 expression correlates with poor prognosis of solid tumor patients. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the potential of LAT1 in predicting the prognosis of tumor patients.Methods and findingsA total of 4,579 cases were analyzed from 35 qualified studies. In patients with solid tumors, elevated expression of LAT1 is associated with poor prognosis (overall survival [OS]: pooled hazard ratio (HR) = 1.848, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.620–2.108, P < 0.001; disease free survival [DFS]: pooled HR = 1.923, 95% CI = 1.585–2.333, P < 0.001; progression free survival [PFS]: pooled HR = 1.345, 95% CI = 1.133–1.597, P = 0.001). Furthermore, in subgroup analysis, we found an association between high LAT1 expression and poor OS in non-small cell lung cancer (HR = 1.554, 95% CI = 1.345–1.794, P < 0.001), pancreatic cancer (HR = 2.052, 95% CI = 1.613–2.724, P < 0.001) and biliary tract cancer (HR = 2.253, 95% CI = 1.562–3.227, P < 0.001).ConclusionThe results of this meta-analysis indicate the reliability and potential of using LAT1 expression as a predictive biomarker in solid cancers prior to treatment. However, further studies with larger sample sizes would be beneficial for fully evaluating the predictive value of LAT1 expression for clinical applications.
Highlights
The L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is a membrane protein responsible for transporting neutral amino acids, including phenylalanine leucine, valine, etc., as a part of system L for cellular intake of nutrients [1]
In patients with solid tumors, elevated expression of LAT1 is associated with poor prognosis (overall survival [OS]: pooled hazard ratio (HR) = 1.848, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.620–2.108, P < 0.001; disease free survival [DFS]: pooled HR = 1.923, 95% CI = 1.585–2.333, P < 0.001; progression free survival [PFS]: pooled HR = 1.345, 95% CI = 1.133–1.597, P = 0.001)
In subgroup analysis, we found an association between high LAT1 expression and poor OS in non-small cell lung cancer (HR = 1.554, 95% CI = 1.345–1.794, P < 0.001), pancreatic cancer (HR = 2.052, 95% CI = 1.613–2.724, P < 0.001) and biliary tract cancer (HR = 2.253, 95% CI = 1.562–3.227, P < 0.001)
Summary
The L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is a membrane protein responsible for transporting neutral amino acids, including phenylalanine leucine, valine, etc., as a part of system L for cellular intake of nutrients [1]. Amino acid transporters are essential for cell growth and proliferation [1, 4]. It has been reported that LAT1 expression levels positively correlate with cell proliferation (Ki-67 labeling index), p53 expression, VEGF levels as well as poor prognosis of patients in a variety of solid cancers [8, 9, 17,18,19,20]. LAT1 transports essential amino acids to provide nutrients for cancer cell growth. The expression of the L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) plays a significant role in tumor progression. It remains unclear whether high LAT1 expression correlates with poor prognosis of solid tumor patients. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the potential of LAT1 in predicting the prognosis of tumor patients
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