Prognostic Value of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake of Bone Marrow on PET/CT in Patients with Limited Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

Merve AYIK TURK1, Berna KOMURCUOGLU2, Ahmet YANARTAS3, Ozgur BATUM2, Yunus TURK4, Mehmet Ufuk YILMAZ5 1Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pulmonology, İzmir 2Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pulmonology, İzmir 3Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, İzmir 4Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery, İzmir 5Medicana Health Groups, Department of Pulmonology, İzmir Keywords: Small cell lung cancer, Prognostic factors, Limited stage, Bone marrow FDG uptake Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a malignancy from the neuroendocrine tumor family, which has a poor prognosis and presents with metastases at the time of the diagnosis. The present study investigated the relationship between bone marrow fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG) uptake and survival to evaluate prognosis in limited-stage SCLC. This single-center retrospective study examined a total of 220 patients diagnosed with limited-stage SCLC between January 2010 and June 2019. Bone marrow FDG uptake, serum inflammatory markers, and other factors used to determine the prognosis, as well as overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), were recorded and retrospectively analyzed. Within physiological limits, bone marrow standardized uptake value (SUV) mean of > 1.95 was identified as a good prognostic factor for PFS (p= 0.03). The multivariate analysis of OS and PFS revealed that the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance scale (p= 0.001) was a common independent prognostic factor. Stages of the disease, albumin levels and bone marrow-to-liver ratio (BLR) [one of the positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) parameters] of < 0.8 were prognostic factors for OS. The bone marrow SUV mean was positively correlated with the primary tumor SUV max and SUV mean. The bone marrow SUV mean is a parameter that can be used to predict PFS in limited-stage SCLC. For OS, in turn, the BLR was identified as an independent factor.