Prognostic significance of the postoperative/preoperative serum CEA level ratio in patients with solitary adrenal metastasis from lung cancer.

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the postoperative to preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level ratio (CEA ratio) in patients with lung cancer with solitary metastasis of the adrenal gland after adrenalectomy. Furthermore, the optimal CEA ratio cutoff value for predicting disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with lung cancer after adrenalectomy was determined. The medical records of patients with lung cancer with isolated adrenal metastasis who underwent adrenalectomy at the National Cancer Center Hospital East (Kashiwa, Japan) between January 2013 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to segregate patients into two groups (high and low CEA groups) and the clinical prognosis for the two groups was determined. In addition, the association between the CEA ratio and clinical factors was determined. A total of 14 patients with a median age of 68 years (range, 50-75 years) were analyzed, of which 9 (64%) were males. The optimal cutoff value for the CEA ratio to predict DFS was 0.60. The high CEA ratio group (≥0.60) displayed poorer DFS and cancer-specific survival (P=0.03 and 0.02, respectively). The CEA ratio was significantly associated with the preoperative CEA level (P=0.01) and the high CEA ratio (≥0.60) group had lower preoperative CEA levels. The study suggested that the perioperative CEA ratio may be an important emerging prognostic factor for patients with lung cancer with solitary adrenal gland metastasis. As the sample size was limited, a further study with a larger cohort is required to validate the present findings.