Abstract
BackgroundThe identification of reliable biomarkers for predicting disease recurrence and the survival of patients with cancer is of great importance. Numerous previous studies have revealed that the abnormal expression of the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) was associated with patient outcomes. However, these results were inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic value of SOCS3 in patients with solid tumors.MethodsStudies focusing on the prognostic value of SOCS3 in solid tumors were searched for in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. We included studies that compared disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival based on different levels of SOCS3. Other outcomes (e.g., Edmondson grading, tumor size, tumor vascular invasion, lymph node invasion, and distant metastasis) were also considered. The hazard ratio (HR)/risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% CI were determined.ResultsTwelve studies with 1,551 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis demonstrated that the higher expression of SOCS3 was significantly associated with better disease-free survival (HR:0.36, 95% CI:0.17–0.77, P < 0.001) and overall survival (HR:0.45, 95% CI:0.32–0.62, P < 0.001) compared with low expression. Moreover, SOCS3 expression was closely correlated with the Edmondson grading [odds ratio (OR):0.77, 95% CI:0.61–0.98, P = 0.033], vascular invasion (OR:0.63, 95% CI:0.52–0.78, P < 0.001), and distant metastasis (OR:0.73, 95% CI:0.51–1.03, P = 0.076). However, the levels of SOCS3 were not significantly associated with tumor size (OR:0.85, 95% CI:0.71–1.03, P = 0.090) and lymph node invasion (OR:0.73, 95% CI:0.51–1.03, P = 0.076).ConclusionIncreased SOCS3 expression in tumor mass was associated with better DFS and OS, suggesting it might be a novel and reliable biomarker for predicting the risk of cancer recurrence and mortality.
Highlights
According to the most recently published data, the global cancerrelated morbidity and mortality rates in 2020 were estimatedto be 19.3 and 10.0 million, respectively
Published studies potentially related to solid tumors and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression were extracted from the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases in October 2020
According to the aforementioned criteria, 38 studies were excluded for the following reasons: [1] lack of data on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) (n = 15), [2] lack of hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (n = 8), [3] lack of immunohistochemistry analysis for the detection of SOCS3 expression, and [4] exclusive focus on SOCS3 methylation (n = 12) (Figure 1)
Summary
According to the most recently published data, the global cancerrelated morbidity and mortality rates in 2020 were estimatedto be 19.3 and 10.0 million, respectively This evidence revealed that malignancy has become a major public health concern [1]. It is necessary to identify biomarkers to predict the outcomes in patients who received immune-based therapy [4]. The identification of reliable biomarkers for predicting disease recurrence and the survival of patients with cancer is of great importance. Numerous previous studies have revealed that the abnormal expression of the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) was associated with patient outcomes. The aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic value of SOCS3 in patients with solid tumors
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