Prognostic significance of serum Growth differentiating factor15(GDF) in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients

Abstract

Abstract Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15)3 is a stress responsive member of the transforming growth Factor-B(TGF-B) cytokine superfamily. In health GDF-15 is weakly expressed in human tissues. Under pathological conditions, GDF-15 can be produced by many malignant and non-malignant conditions. The aim of the present study is to assess expression of Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in the serum of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia and its influence on remission and survival statuses of AML patients. Material and methods The serum level of GDF15 was measured in 30 AML patients in comparison to 15 healthy adult controls. Results and conclusion Higher GDF15 levels were observed in AML patients than in controls with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 93.3% at cut off level of 1530 pg/ml assessed by ROC curve. Comparing the outcome (alive and dead) between patients above and below the mean level of GDF15(5674pg/ml) it was statistically significant (P = 0.028), but there is no statistical difference between the resistant patients and patients in remission (P-value= 0.593) Comparison between the overall survival (OS) in AML patients with GDF15> 5674pg/ml and those with GDF15<5674pg/ml,It was statistically significant.(P-value <0.001).A statistically significant positive correlation is detected between age and the GDF15 level in the patients group (P-value= 0.011).