PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF OROPHARYNGEAL DYSPHAGIA IN DEMENTIA PATIENTS WITH EATING DISORDERS

Abstract

SUMMARY Purpose: The purpose of the study was to study the prognostic value of OD in patients with ongoing dementia with eating disorders. Materials and methods: 46 patients with dementia were selected for the study, 35 of whom had eating disorders. The research contingent was divided into three groups: Group 1 (n=22) - patients with eating disorders with dysphagia, Group 2 (n=13) - patients with eating disorders without dysphagia, Group 3 (n=11) - patients without eating disorders. A minimental scale was used to assess mental status, Mental State Examination – MMSE), To evaluate the severity of the disease - clinical scale of dementia, (Clinical Dementia Rating – СDR); For assessment of the functional state – we use the test of assessment staging test - (Functional Assessment Staging Test - FAST). The obtained results were statistically processed with computer program SPSS 24.0. Quantitative parameters were analyzed by Student's t-test, and categorical parameters by Chi2-test. p<0.05 was used as a reliability criterion. Results: The results of the study showed that patients with dementia and eating disorders with dysphagia had statistically significantly lower MMSE scores compared to groups 2 and 3. It should also be noted that the MMSE indicators of groups 2 and 3 did not reliably differ from each other. The same trend was observed in CDR indicators. Patients with dementia and eating disorders with dysphagia had a statistically significantly higher percentage of CDR=3 compared to groups 2 and 3. It should also be noted that the indicators of CDR=3 of the 2nd and 3rd groups did not reliably differ from each other. According to the FAST indicators, there was no reliable difference in the distribution of responses between the groups. Conclusion: OD is a common condition in patients with advanced dementia and is associated with severe complications, poor prognosis, and poor compliance with fluid and texture adaptations. Supported by the study results, we believe that new nutrition-related strategies should be developed to increase the therapeutic effect in the clinical management of patients with dementia, and new evidence should be provided for these promising interventions.