Abstract
ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and heart failure (HF) are common, big-budget, debilitating andexpanding diseases. Cardiovascular diseases, especially STEMI and heart failure have been known to cause17.3 million deaths worldwide annually. Hyponatremia, delineated as a serum sodium (sNa) concentration<135mmol/l, is a frequently seen electrolyte disturbance in practice and the prevalence, clinical impact theprognostic factor of low SNa in STEMI/heart failure patients vary widely. The aim of this review is to assessits existence and comparing survival difference between hypo and normonatremic patients.Hyponatremia is the most frequently encountered electrolyte abnormality in clinical practice and has a poorprognosis in both STEMI and heart failure patients. It exacerbates both short and long term mortality,rehospitalization rates, as well as the average length of stay in the hospital. Although it is still a mysterywhether hyponatremia is just a marker of iller patients or the core of poor prognosis in patients with STEMIand HF, one thing is certain: timely recognition of patients at risk for developing hyponatremia could help tocommence early treatment.
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