Abstract
Background Renal failure (RF) is a common complication in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Aim To evaluate the frequency of RF in NDMM patients, and the prognostic impact of its reversibility. Material and Methods A retrospective study evaluating demographic and clinical characteristics of 154 consecutive patients with NDMM was carried out. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated at the beginning and at the end of the induction therapy. In addition, we evaluated renal responses (RR) according to the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria. The induction regimen was based on thalidomide in all cases. Results Fifty-three patients had RF (34.4%). Complete renal response (RR) was achieved in 51%. Three years overall survival in patients without RF, with RF and complete RR, and patients with RF and any other RR, was 66, 47 and 13%, respectively. Median survival was 53, 27 and 6 months, respectively (p < 0.01). In the multivariate analysis, RF and hypercalcemia were independent predictors of a worse outcome. Conclusions Achieving a complete RR in patients with NDMM, is associated with a better survival.
Highlights
Renal failure (RF) is a common complication in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM)
Of a total of 154 consecutive patients diagnosed with MM, 53 (34.4%) fulfilled the RF definition, and 16 (10.3%) required renal replacement therapy (RRT)
We obtained a frequency of RF close to 40%, which is higher to that described in the literature
Summary
Renal failure (RF) is a common complication in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Aim: To evaluate the frequency of RF in NDMM patients, and the prognostic impact of its reversibility. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated at the beginning and at the end of the induction therapy. We evaluated renal responses (RR) according to the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria. The induction regimen was based on thalidomide in all cases. Complete renal response (RR) was achieved in 51%. Three years overall survival in patients without RF, with RF and complete RR, and patients with RF and any other RR, was 66, 47 and 13%, respectively. Conclusions: Achieving a complete RR in patients with NDMM, is associated with a better survival
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