Prognostic factors of young women (≤ 35 years) with node positive breast cancer: possible influence on post-therapeutic follow-up

Abstract

PurposeAlthough young age at diagnosis is an independent prognostic factor of poor survival; no specific recommendation are provided concerning the timing and modalities of follow-up for this population. These patients are followed similarly to older women during post-therapeutic surveillance. The objective of this study is to examine patterns of recurrence in a large series of positive lymph node breast cancer women aged 35 years or below and treated within adjuvant chemotherapy trials. MethodsData of 200 patients (≤35 years) included in three UNICANCER adjuvant trials for node positive breast cancer were used. Competing risks methodology was used to identify prognostic factors associated with time to first failure according to type of event. ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 52.4 months, 84 pts had disease related events (17 loco-regional, five contralateral, and 62 distant metastasis). Variables associated with an increased rate of first event were the number of involved lymph nodes and the type of surgery. In univariate analysis, prognostic factors associated with high potential curative recurrence were number of positive lymph nodes and vascular invasion. Only number of positive lymph node remained significant in multivariate analysis. Concerning distant metastasis, only the number of lymph node involved was associated to an increased risk of metastasis. ConclusionUsing the number of positive nodes as important prognostic factors, it should be possible to identify patients at a higher risk of loco-regional relapse or contralateral breast cancer, in order to propose more individualized follow-up.