Prognostic Factors Associated with Poor Treatment Outcomes After Balloon Kyphoplasty in Elderly Patients Aged ≥81 years

Abstract

Balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) is an effective procedure for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs); however, there is limited data regarding its outcomes in patients aged ≥81 years. This study investigated the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors for BKP in this age group. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 115 patients with OVCF undergoing single-level BKP after failed conservative treatment, classified into the <81 years (n = 70) and ≥81 years (n = 45) groups. Surgical results were evaluated as good outcomes (independent indoors 1 year postoperatively) and poor outcomes, followed by univariate and multivariate analyses to determine prognostic factors correlating with these outcomes. The majority of patients (<81 years: 85.7%; ≥81 years: 73.3%) had a good degree of independence at 1 year postoperatively, which was comparable in both groups. Further analysis of patients aged ≥81 years showed that longer duration from onset to surgery, more subsequent vertebral fractures, and lower preoperative body mass index (BMI) were correlated with poorer outcomes postoperatively, and low BMI, time from onset to surgery, and female sex were independent risk factors for these outcomes (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve: 0.91).