Abstract
Objective: This retrospective research aimed to evaluate the results of treatment outcome and clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients under 40 years old. Material and methods: A total of 80 patients who were receiving radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy treatment for breast cancer (<40 years old) were included in the study. Results: First-degree relatives with breast cancer history (p=0.028), oestrogen receptor positivity (p=0.012) and progesterone receptor positivity (p=0.017) were associated with overall survival. No prognostic factors were found in the multivariate Cox regression analysis for overall survival. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, we found breast-conserving surgery type (hazard ratio = 6.104. 95% confidence interval = 1.037–53.928, p=0.045), lymphovascular invasion presence (hazard ratio = 0.127, 95% confidence interval = 0.016–1.025, p=0.005) and curative radiotherapy doses (hazard ratio = 185.976, 95% confidence interval = 5.342–6474.1, p=0.004) as independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival. Overall, survival of 1, 3 and 5 years was 88%, 74% and 65%, respectively. Median was 48±2.6 (42.8–53.19) months. Also, 1-, 3- and 5-year disease-free survival was 85%, 67% and 27%, respectively. Median was 30±1.8 (27.4–32.5) months. Conclusion: Breast cancer patients under the age of 40 years are highly heterogeneous and are a complex patient group. The prognosis is worse in these patients, and prognostic factors and pathological subtypes should be taken into consideration when making treatment decisions.
Highlights
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and the most common cause of death after lung cancer [1]
lymphovascular invasion (LVI) was present in 56.4% (45) of patients, it was absent in 43.6% (35)
Overall survival (OS), overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; ER, oestrogen hormone receptor; PR, progesterone hormone receptor; HER-2, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2
Summary
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and the most common cause of death after lung cancer [1]. The treatments for invasive and non-invasive breast cancer are different and complex. Invasive breast cancer is the most common type in the world and in Turkey. Especially under the age of 40 years, is more heterogeneous and has many subtypes, and treatment is complicated. Treatment response and disease-free survival (DFS) are different compared with elderly patients, especially in women with breast cancer under the age of 40 years [3,4]. In young breast cancer patients, the disease is more aggressive, and the treatment response is less likely. Family history and clinicopathological factors such as tumour size, lymph node, histologic type, grade, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) vs molecular subtypes and hormone receptor expression play key roles in the treatment decision
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