Prognostic factors and outcomes of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease

Abstract

To determine the prognostic factors and outcomes of Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) disease. A retrospective review was conducted for a total of 144 LCP patients at Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. Their clinical data, such as age, gender, follow-up duration and radiological characteristics, were collected and assessed with Stulberg classification scheme. The male-to-female ratio was 8.6:1. Their age of onset was 8.06 ± 2.01 years and follow-up period 5.90 ± 2.29 years. There were Stulberg I and II (n = 52, 36.1%), III type (n = 57, 39.6%) and IV and V type (n = 35, 24.3%). Between the low-age ( ≤ 8) and high-age (>8) groups, the results of lateral pillar classification (A, B, C), modified Catterall staging (A, B) and Stulberg classification had significant differences (P < 0.005). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, lateral pillar classification and lateral half dislocation were independent prognostic risk factors. Age, lateral pillar classification and lateral half dislocation are prognostic factors for LCP. And greater age and higher lateral pillar classification denote a worse outcome.