Prognostic Factor Study of Macular Edema Recurrence in Retinal Vein Occlusion after Conbercept Treatment: A Post Hoc Analysis of the FALCON Study.

Abstract

Objective The study was aimed at exploring the potential predictive factors associated with the recurrence of macular edema (ME) secondary to vein occlusion (RVO) after intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) loading treatment in the FALCON study. Methods This is a post hoc analysis of 30 patients with central RVO and 30 patients with branch RVO. All patients received a monthly administration of intravitreal conbercept during the 3-month loading phase and pro re nata (PRN) treatment during the 6-month follow-up period. Based on the recurrence of ME at the first follow-up visit, patients were classified into the recurrence group or nonrecurrence group. The primary endpoint was to explore the risk factors for recurrence among baseline characteristics, fluorescein angiography (FA) patterns, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Results In general, 38 patients (64.4%) experienced ME recurrence at the first follow-up visit (3 months), regardless of disease type (p = 0.32). Significant improvements in VA were noted in both the nonrecurrence and recurrence groups (p < 0.001), however, without significant between-group differences (p = 0.1). A significant reduction in CRT in both groups (p < 0.001) was identified, and patients without recurrence showed a greater reduction in CRT compared with those with recurrence (p < 0.001). In addition, logistic regression analyses indicated the corrections of ME recurrence with baseline macular volume and the disruption of the outer limiting membrane at the fovea. Conclusion This study suggested that OCT parameters, including baseline macular volume and outer limiting membrane disruption, and reduction in CRT after loading therapy were more predictive of ME recurrence than FA patterns or visual changes following conbercept loading therapy.