Prognosis of Unfractioned Heparin versus Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Pumlonary Embolism : Review Article

Abstract

Anticoagulation is the mainstay treatment of pulmonary embolism. Using low molecular weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin remains a matter of debate. Objectives: the aim of this review is to study the prognosis of using low molecular weight versus unfractionated heparin in treatment of pulmonary embolism. Methods: PubMed and Cochrane library were searched for articles comparing the efficacy of low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin in management of pulmonary embolism. Ten related results were selected for review. Results: Literatures studies indicated that low molecular weight heparin was effective in therapeutic treatment of acute sub-massive and massive pulmonary embolism. It was as effective as intravenous unfractionated heparin. It was not associated with higher risk of major, minor bleeding, or thrombocytopenia. Low molecular weight heparin was as effective as unfractionated heparin in prophylaxis of deep venous sinus thrombosis as well as pulmonary embolism. Discussion: Low-molecular-weight heparin seemed to be as effective safe as intravenous unfractionated heparin for the treatment as well as prophylaxis of pulmonary embolism. It was also safe with no major bleeding risk or higher risk of thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Both low molecular weight and unfractionated heparin had similar efficacy and safety in management of PE.