Prognosis of Patients Having Post Traumatic Extra Dural Hematoma with and without Lucid Interval

Abstract

Background: There is limited research in our country on the prognosis of patients with post-traumatic extradural hematoma, particularly in relation to the presence or absence of a lucid interval. Understanding this relationship is vital for effective surgical planning and family counselling. Objective: The study aimed to assess the prognosis of patients with post-traumatic extradural hematoma, focusing on the impact of a lucid interval on patient outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study, approved by the hospital's ethical committee, included 46 patients with post-traumatic extradural hematoma, both with and without a lucid interval. The study variables were age, gender, mechanism of injury, pupillary abnormalities, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score upon admission, and presence of a lucid interval. Patient outcomes at discharge, including mortality, residual disabilities, and functional recovery, were documented. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23, employing descriptive statistical methods. Results: The average age of patients was 27.04±7.74 years, with the majority (52.2%) aged between 21 and 30 years. Males constituted 84.8% of the study group. Regarding the GCS score, 23.9% of patients scored below 8. The study found that 37.0% of the patients experienced mortality, 23.9% had residual disabilities, and 58.7% achieved functional recovery. Notably, functional recovery was 50.0% in patients who experienced a lucid interval, compared to 90.0% in those who did not. Conclusion: The study concluded that patients with post-traumatic extradural hematoma who present without a lucid interval have a better prognosis than those with a lucid interval. The delay in timely management associated with a lucid interval leads to increased morbidity and mortality.