Abstract
Abstract Objectives: the aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of co-detection of Flu A and RSV using rapid immunochromatographic tests at the point of care, in pediatric patients under 2 years of age in a general hospital. Methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze clinical outcomes in hospitalized infants with viral respiratory disease with positive results of rapid immunochromatographic test for RSV and/or Flu-A, from 2013 to 2018. A logistic regression model was adjusted to analyze predictors of orotracheal intubation during hospitalization. Results: we analyzed 220 cases: RSV (192), Flu-A (9), co-detection (19). Lethality rate was 1.8% (2 cases), and 88% (194) were under 1 year of age. Mean time of hospitalizations was higher in patients with co-detection. Variables significantly associated with orotracheal intubation were: younger age in months, comorbidities, RSV and Flu-A co-detection, and bacterial pneumonia during hospitalization. Conclusions: RSV and Flu-Aco-detection was associated with the least favorable clinical prognoses in this study. Rapid test diagnosis may provide important information at the point of care, because molecular panels are not widely accessible in general hospitals. Rapid diagnosis allows timely evaluation and treatment.
Highlights
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza (Flu) virus contribute substantially to the overall burden of severe respiratory tract infection in children
RSV and Flu-Aco-detection was associated with the least favorable clinical prognoses in this study
RSV is estimated to be the main cause of hospitalizations for children under 2 years of age worldwide, and the first year of life is the period with the highest risk of infection.[1-3]
Summary
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza (Flu) virus contribute substantially to the overall burden of severe respiratory tract infection in children. RSV is estimated to be the main cause of hospitalizations for children under 2 years of age worldwide, and the first year of life is the period with the highest risk of infection.[1-3]. Both RSV and Flu viruses have seasonal incidence patterns, there are annual variations in the number of cases and in fatality rates.[4,5]. Molecular information from viral panels using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) is sensitive and facilitates accurate diagnosis, but this technology is expensive and not available in most health services, especially public hospitals.[8]. Rapid tests are important to reduce antibiotic use, and can identify viral coinfection,[9] relevant in the context of the SARS CoV-2 epidemic
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