Profiling Pregnant Women at Risk for Domestic Violence in Jamaica: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Background:Domestic violence (DV) is recognized as a priority in maternity care. Data on the prevalence and profile of women experiencing DV during pregnancy are limited in Jamaica. This baseline study has identified the prevalence and provided a profile of pregnant women who are at risk for DV in Kingston, Jamaica.Method:A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in 2014. A total of 185 randomly selected pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic completed a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS. The study was approved by our local ethical boards and all ethical considerations were adhered to.Results:The study identified a prevalence rate of 41% (n= 75/182) which includes all types of DV during pregnancy. Those at risk were 23–29 years old, single (66.6%), employed (44%), had primary education (66.6%), and had unplanned pregnancies (65%). The majority of respondents (98%) were willing to disclose DV, but the clinic does not provide them the opportunity. Only 11% (8/75) reported that they sought professional help.Conclusion:This study adds to the body of knowledge on the prevalence of DV and notes that it is high among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic. The findings can guide the development of a DV screening protocol to identify and treat pregnant women and train health practitioners in Jamaica.